sample exam ep 4

I would print this out, try it without the answers, and then, look at the answers

EP 4 Test Review Ch 1-4

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Which field of science studies the composition and structure of matter?
a. physics c. chemistry
b. biology d. geology


____ 2. The study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon is traditionally called what type of chemistry?
a. bio c. physical
b. inorganic d. analytical


____ 3. Which of the following best describes an example of pure chemistry?
a. testing the effects of lower concentrations of a drug on humans
b. studying chemicals containing carbon
c. developing a cure for osteoporosis
d. finding an antidote for a new strain of virus


____ 4. Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
a. color and odor c. malleability and hardness
b. melting and boiling points d. all of the above


____ 5. A vapor is which state of matter?
a. solid c. gas
b. liquid d. all of the above


____ 6. Which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container?
a. solid c. gas
b. liquid d. both b and c


____ 7. Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container?
a. solid c. gas
b. liquid d. both b and c


____ 8. Which state of matter is characterized by having an indefinite shape, but a definite volume?
a. gas c. solid
b. liquid d. none of the above


____ 9. Which of the following is a physical change?
a. corrosion c. evaporation
b. explosion d. rotting of food


____ 10. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
a. air c. steel
b. salt water d. soil


____ 11. Which of the following is true about homogeneous mixtures?
a. They are known as solutions.
b. They consist of two or more phases.
c. They have compositions that never vary.
d. They are always liquids.


____ 12. Separating a solid from a liquid by evaporating the liquid is called ____.
a. filtration c. solution
b. condensation d. distillation


____ 13. The diameter of a carbon atom is 0.000 000 000 154 m. What is this number expressed in scientific notation?
a. 1.54 10 m
c. 1.54 10 m

b. 1.54 10 m
d. 1.54 10 m



____ 14. The expression of 5008 km in scientific notation is ____.
a. 5.008 10 km
c. 5.008 10 km

b. 50.08 10 km
d. 5.008 10 km



____ 15. What is the SI unit of mass?
a. liter c. candela
b. joule d. kilogram


____ 16. What is the temperature of absolute zero measured in C?
a. –373 C
c. –173 C

b. –273 C
d. –73 C



Commonly Used Metric Prefixes
Prefix Meaning Factor
mega (M) 1 million times larger than the unit it precedes 10

kilo (k) 1000 times larger than the unit it precedes 10

deci (d) 10 times smaller than the unit it precedes 10

centi (c) 100 times smaller than the unit it precedes 10

milli (m) 1000 times smaller than the unit it precedes 10

micro ( )
1 million times smaller than the unit it precedes 10

nano (n) 1000 million times smaller than the unit it precedes 10

pico (p) 1 trillion times smaller than the unit it precedes 10



____ 17. What is the quantity 0.0075 meters expressed in centimeters? Use the table above to help you.
a. 0.075 cm c. 7.5 cm
b. 0.75 cm d. 70.5 cm


____ 18. What is the quantity 7896 millimeters expressed in meters? Use the table above to help you.
a. 7.896 m c. 789.6 m
b. 78.96 m d. 789,600 m


____ 19. What is the quantity 987 milligrams expressed in grams? Use the table above to help you.
a. 0.000 987 g c. 9.87 g
b. 0.987 g d. 98,700 g


____ 20. Which of the following equalities is NOT correct? Use the table above to help you.
a. 100 cg = 1 g c. 1 cm = 1 mL

b. 1000 mm = 1 m d. 10 kg = 1 g


____ 21. Who was the man who lived from 460B.C.–370B.C. and was among the first to suggest the idea of atoms?
a. Atomos c. Democritus
b. Dalton d. Thomson


____ 22. Which of the following was NOT among Democritus’s ideas?
a. Matter consists of tiny particles called atoms.
b. Atoms are indivisible.
c. Atoms retain their identity in a chemical reaction.
d. Atoms are indestructible.


____ 23. The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element is a(n) ____.
a. atom c. proton
b. electron d. neutron


____ 24. Dalton's atomic theory included which idea?
a. All atoms of all elements are the same size.
b. Atoms of different elements always combine in one-to-one ratios.
c. Atoms of the same element are always identical.
d. Individual atoms can be seen with a microscope.


____ 25. Why did J. J. Thomson reason that electrons must be a part of the atoms of all elements?
a. Cathode rays are negatively-charged particles.
b. Cathode rays can be deflected by magnets.
c. An electron is 2000 times lighter than a hydrogen atom.
d. Charge-to-mass ratio of electrons was the same, regardless of the gas used.


____ 26. Who conducted experiments to determine the quantity of charge carried by an electron?
a. Rutherford c. Dalton
b. Millikan d. Thomson


Short Answer

27. What is the temperature 128 K expressed in degrees Celsius?

28. What is the density of an object having a mass of 4.0 g and a volume of 39.0 cubic centimeters?

29. What is the volume of an object with a density of 7.73 g/cm3 and a mass of 5.40 10 g?

Essay

30. Explain how Dalton improved upon atomic theory more than 2000 years after Democritus’s hypotheses about atoms.

31. What observations by Rutherford led to the hypothesis that atoms are mostly empty space, and that almost all of the mass of the atom is contained in an atomic nucleus?

EP 4 Test Review Ch 1-4
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: C DIF: L1 REF: p. 7 OBJ: 1.1.1

2. ANS: B DIF: L2 REF: p. 8 OBJ: 1.1.1

3. ANS: B DIF: L2 REF: p. 9 OBJ: 1.1.2

4. ANS: D DIF: L2 REF: p. 40 OBJ: 2.1.2

5. ANS: C DIF: L1 REF: p. 42 OBJ: 2.1.3

6. ANS: B DIF: L1 REF: p. 41 OBJ: 2.1.3

7. ANS: C DIF: L1 REF: p. 42 OBJ: 2.1.3

8. ANS: B DIF: L1 REF: p. 41 OBJ: 2.1.3

9. ANS: C DIF: L2 REF: p. 42 OBJ: 2.1.4

10. ANS: D DIF: L1 REF: p. 45 OBJ: 2.2.2

11. ANS: A DIF: L1 REF: p. 45 OBJ: 2.2.2

12. ANS: D DIF: L2 REF: p. 46 OBJ: 2.2.3

13. ANS: D DIF: L1 REF: p. 63 OBJ: 3.1.1

14. ANS: A DIF: L1 REF: p. 63 OBJ: 3.1.1

15. ANS: D DIF: L1 REF: p. 76 OBJ: 3.2.1

16. ANS: B DIF: L1 REF: p. 77 OBJ: 3.2.1

17. ANS: B DIF: L1 REF: p. 84 OBJ: 3.3.2

18. ANS: A DIF: L1 REF: p. 84 OBJ: 3.3.2

19. ANS: B DIF: L1 REF: p. 84 OBJ: 3.3.2

20. ANS: D DIF: L2 REF: p. 84 OBJ: 3.3.2

21. ANS: C DIF: L2 REF: p. 101 OBJ: 4.1.1

22. ANS: C DIF: L2 REF: p. 101 OBJ: 4.1.1

23. ANS: A DIF: L1 REF: p. 101, p. 102
OBJ: 4.1.1, 4.1.2

24. ANS: C DIF: L2 REF: p. 102 OBJ: 4.1.2

25. ANS: D DIF: L2 REF: p. 105 OBJ: 4.2.1

26. ANS: B DIF: L2 REF: p. 105 OBJ: 4.2.1

SHORT ANSWER

27. ANS:
C = K – 273 = 128 – 273 = –145 C

DIF: L2 REF: p. 77, p. 78 OBJ: 3.2.3

28. ANS:
Density = mass/volume = 4.0 g/39.0 cm = 0.10 g/cm

DIF: L2 REF: p. 91 OBJ: 3.4.1

29. ANS:
Volume = mass / density = (5.40 10 g) / 7.73 g/cm = 69.9 cm

DIF: L2 REF: p. 91 OBJ: 3.4.1

ESSAY

30. ANS:
John Dalton used experimental methods to hypothesize that atoms of the same element are identical, and that they differ from atoms of other elements. Dalton also noted that atoms of different elements can form compounds in which the elements combine in whole-number ratios. He noted that individual atoms are not transformed into different atoms as a result of a chemical reaction. What Dalton did not contribute was the fact that individual atoms are divisible into subatomic particles, which came from the discovery of the electron and the atomic nucleus by Thomson and Rutherford, respectively.

DIF: L3 REF: p. 101, p. 102 OBJ: 4.1.1, 4.1.2

31. ANS:
Rutherford’s gold-foil experiment led to this hypothesis. Alpha particles were observed to mostly pass through a gold foil, which suggests that the volume of individual gold atoms consists mainly of empty space. The observation that some alpha particles were scattered at large angles led to the suggestion that the gold atom has a central core, or nucleus, composed of a concentrated mass capable of deflecting the alpha particles.

DIF: L3 REF: p. 107 OBJ: 4.2.2